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Thyrotropinoma (TSHoma) is a slow-growing, benign tumor in the pituitary gland. These tumors produce too much thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), causing the thyroid gland to enlarge and secrete excess thyroxin. This leads to hyperthyroidism, a potentially serious medical con ...

An arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is an abnormal connection between an artery and a vein. The connection alters the blood flow so that blood moves directly from an artery into veins, bypassing capillaries that extract nutrients and oxygen and nourish body tissue. AVFs occur mos ...

Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is an abnormal entanglement of blood vessels in the brain or spine. It is a rare, usually benign, condition that can go unnoticed because it frequently produces no symptoms and poses little threat. But it can be life threatening if an entangl ...

Carotid and vertebral artery stenosis, also called arterial stenosis, affects the circulatory system of the brain. Blood is carried to the brain by two paired arteries, the internal carotid and the vertebral arteries. The internal carotid arteries supply the front areas and ...

A carotid cavernous fistula is an abnormal connection between the blood vessels in the brain. Blood can leak into the sinus cavity and destroy sensitive, surrounding tissue if a blood vessel bursts. Trauma, aneurysm or vascular disease can create a carotid cavernous fistula. ...

Carotid dissection is a breakdown in the carotid artery that triggers a tear in the artery wall. The tear may narrow the opening in the vessel. Common causes are hyperextension of the neck, chiropractic manipulation or attempted strangulation. Symptoms include headache, seve ...

A cavernous malformation – also called a cavernoma, cavernous angioma or cavernous hemangioma – occurs when abnormally formed capillaries group together. The problem can arise in any part of the body, but symptoms are most likely to occur if the malformation is in the spinal ...

A cerebral, or brain, aneurysm is a bulge caused by a loss of muscle tissue in the artery wall. About 90 percent of aneurysms are small, cause no symptoms and do not rupture. Best in Care                                                                                   The ...

Intracerebral hematomas are blood clots in the brain. They occur when pressure on the brain increases due to a head trauma or swelling. The clot may begin as scattered areas of bleeding.  Best in Care The AdventHealth Neuroscience Institute is a state-of-the art facility f ...

Intracranial stenosis is a narrowing of the arteries in the brain caused by plaque build-up. The condition decreases blood flow to the brain and can be caused by high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, high cholesterol, obesity, heart disease or hereditary factors. Plaque bu ...